Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo №9
September, 2014
Table of contents
R.A. MANGUSHEV
1
, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding Member of RAACS, A.I. OSOKIN
2
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (a.osokin@geostroy.ru)
1 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, 190005, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 ZAO «GEOSTROY» (27/21, Zagorodny Avenue, 191180, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation) Arrangement of the Underground Space when Reconstructing Administrative Building
The reconstruction of the former administrative building dating back to the early 19-th century in the central part of St. Petersburg into a modern hotel is considered. Before dismantling the building to be reconstructed, the monitoring of surrounding buildings was organized, and strengthening of their foundations was carried out by the method of injection strengthening of the foundation body with the use of cement mortar injection and pitching of 75 inclined anchor piles of 25 m length and 200 mm diameter according to the “Titan” technology. The foundation pit enclosure was made with the use of sheet piles “Arselor” AZ 37-700 of 13.5 m length, cast-in-situ bored piles of 410 mm diameter and 27 m length; additionally, along the walls of existing buildings jet-grouting piles were installed to a depth of not less than 2 m from the base of the existing foundations. For installing the pile foundation under the building’s frame, 162 cast-in-situ bored piles of 550 mm diameter and 27 m length produced according to the technology of “Bauer” Co. were used. The schemes of structural conceptions are presented. Keywords: reconstruction, underground space, foundation strengthening, foundation pit enclosure, piles, settlement, monitoring. References
1. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Geotekhnika Sankt-Peterburga [Geotekhnika of St. Petersburg]. M.: ASV, 2010. 115 p. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Experience of reconstruction of the six-storied building with underground space in the central part of St. Petersburg. Тhe Collection of works of the international conference «Modern Geotechnologies in Construction and Their Scientific and Technical Maintenance». St. Petersburg: СПбГАСУ, 2014. P. 1, рр. 60–71. (In Russian).
3. Osokin A.I., Denisova O.O., Shakhtarina T.N. Technology support of underground construction under conditions of urban development. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 16–21. (In Russian).
4. Il'ichev V.A. Nikiforova N.S., Gotman Y.A., Tupikov M.M., Trofimov E.J. Analysis of the application of active and passive methods of protection in underground construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 25–27. (In Russian).
5. Osokin A.I., Serebryakova A.B., Shakhtarina T.N., Shu bin A.I. Underground parkings – a basis of improvement of city infrastructure of megapolises (on an example of St.-Petersburg). Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Const ruction]. 2010. No. 5, рp. 32–34. (In Russian).
1 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, 190005, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 ZAO «GEOSTROY» (27/21, Zagorodny Avenue, 191180, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation) Arrangement of the Underground Space when Reconstructing Administrative Building
The reconstruction of the former administrative building dating back to the early 19-th century in the central part of St. Petersburg into a modern hotel is considered. Before dismantling the building to be reconstructed, the monitoring of surrounding buildings was organized, and strengthening of their foundations was carried out by the method of injection strengthening of the foundation body with the use of cement mortar injection and pitching of 75 inclined anchor piles of 25 m length and 200 mm diameter according to the “Titan” technology. The foundation pit enclosure was made with the use of sheet piles “Arselor” AZ 37-700 of 13.5 m length, cast-in-situ bored piles of 410 mm diameter and 27 m length; additionally, along the walls of existing buildings jet-grouting piles were installed to a depth of not less than 2 m from the base of the existing foundations. For installing the pile foundation under the building’s frame, 162 cast-in-situ bored piles of 550 mm diameter and 27 m length produced according to the technology of “Bauer” Co. were used. The schemes of structural conceptions are presented. Keywords: reconstruction, underground space, foundation strengthening, foundation pit enclosure, piles, settlement, monitoring. References
1. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Geotekhnika Sankt-Peterburga [Geotekhnika of St. Petersburg]. M.: ASV, 2010. 115 p. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Experience of reconstruction of the six-storied building with underground space in the central part of St. Petersburg. Тhe Collection of works of the international conference «Modern Geotechnologies in Construction and Their Scientific and Technical Maintenance». St. Petersburg: СПбГАСУ, 2014. P. 1, рр. 60–71. (In Russian).
3. Osokin A.I., Denisova O.O., Shakhtarina T.N. Technology support of underground construction under conditions of urban development. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 16–21. (In Russian).
4. Il'ichev V.A. Nikiforova N.S., Gotman Y.A., Tupikov M.M., Trofimov E.J. Analysis of the application of active and passive methods of protection in underground construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 25–27. (In Russian).
5. Osokin A.I., Serebryakova A.B., Shakhtarina T.N., Shu bin A.I. Underground parkings – a basis of improvement of city infrastructure of megapolises (on an example of St.-Petersburg). Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Const ruction]. 2010. No. 5, рp. 32–34. (In Russian).
A.I. OSOKIN
1
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)(a.osokin@geostroy.ru), S.V. TATARINOV
2
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)(bspr-spb@yandex.ru),
O.O. DENISOVA
2
, Engineer, E.V. MAKAROVA
2
, Engineer
1 ZAO “GEOSTROY” (27/21, Zagorodny Avenue, 191180, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 OOO “Bureau of Expertise and Improvement of Design Conceptions (4, Malaya Posadskaya Street, 197046, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) Geotechnical Monitoring System as a Tool for Ensuring the Safety of Construction It is shown that the introduction of a system of geotechnical monitoring makes it possible to reveal the influence and development of adverse factors during construction works under the condition of the existing historical urban development. The system includes the whole complex of instrumental measurements which make it possible to continually monitor the condition of structures of surrounding development during construction works; to carry out the monitoring of the process of works execution for the purpose of safety and correspondence to process procedure; to assess the technical condition and ensure the safety of structures being constructed with timely detection of defects; to ensure the accident-free execution of works at all stages of construction; to assess the conformity of actual deformations and stresses occurring in the structures; to reduce the cost and duration of construction due to optimization and correction of design-technological decisions. Specific examples of the use of a complex monitoring program for construction sites located in the historic center of St. Petersburg are presented. Keywords: geotechnical monitoring, security of construction, slurry wall, ensuring the preservation of historical buildings, engineering-hydrogeological situation of construction site. References
1. Mangushev R.A., Osokin A.I. Features of Construction of Foundations of St. Petersburg Historical Buildings. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 32–34. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R. A. Nikiforova N. S., Konyushkov V. V., Oso- kin A.I., Sapin D.A. Proektirovanie i ustroistvo podzemnykh sooruzhenii v otkrytykh kotlovanakh [Design and the device of underground constructions in open ditches]. Moscow: ASV, 2013. 256 p.
3. Osokin A.I., Serebryakova A.B., Shakhtarina T.N., Shu- bin A.I. Underground Parkings – a Basis of Improvement of City Infrastructure of Megapolises (on an Example of St.- Petersburg). Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 32–34. (In Russian).
4. Bezrodny K.P., Matsegora A.G., Maslak V.I., Osokin A.I., Boltintsev V.B., Ilyakhin V.N. Control over Injection Stabiliza- tion under Soil Conditions of St. Petersburg. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2009. No. 2, рp. 4–9. (In Russian).
5. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Geotekhnika Sankt-Peterburga [Geotekhnika of St. Petersburg]. Moscow: ASV, 2010. 259 p.
6. Osokin A.I., Denisova O.O., Shakhtarina T.N. Technology support of underground construction under conditions of urban development. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рр. 4–9. (In Russian).
1 ZAO “GEOSTROY” (27/21, Zagorodny Avenue, 191180, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 OOO “Bureau of Expertise and Improvement of Design Conceptions (4, Malaya Posadskaya Street, 197046, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) Geotechnical Monitoring System as a Tool for Ensuring the Safety of Construction It is shown that the introduction of a system of geotechnical monitoring makes it possible to reveal the influence and development of adverse factors during construction works under the condition of the existing historical urban development. The system includes the whole complex of instrumental measurements which make it possible to continually monitor the condition of structures of surrounding development during construction works; to carry out the monitoring of the process of works execution for the purpose of safety and correspondence to process procedure; to assess the technical condition and ensure the safety of structures being constructed with timely detection of defects; to ensure the accident-free execution of works at all stages of construction; to assess the conformity of actual deformations and stresses occurring in the structures; to reduce the cost and duration of construction due to optimization and correction of design-technological decisions. Specific examples of the use of a complex monitoring program for construction sites located in the historic center of St. Petersburg are presented. Keywords: geotechnical monitoring, security of construction, slurry wall, ensuring the preservation of historical buildings, engineering-hydrogeological situation of construction site. References
1. Mangushev R.A., Osokin A.I. Features of Construction of Foundations of St. Petersburg Historical Buildings. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 32–34. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R. A. Nikiforova N. S., Konyushkov V. V., Oso- kin A.I., Sapin D.A. Proektirovanie i ustroistvo podzemnykh sooruzhenii v otkrytykh kotlovanakh [Design and the device of underground constructions in open ditches]. Moscow: ASV, 2013. 256 p.
3. Osokin A.I., Serebryakova A.B., Shakhtarina T.N., Shu- bin A.I. Underground Parkings – a Basis of Improvement of City Infrastructure of Megapolises (on an Example of St.- Petersburg). Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 32–34. (In Russian).
4. Bezrodny K.P., Matsegora A.G., Maslak V.I., Osokin A.I., Boltintsev V.B., Ilyakhin V.N. Control over Injection Stabiliza- tion under Soil Conditions of St. Petersburg. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2009. No. 2, рp. 4–9. (In Russian).
5. Mangushev R.A. Osokin A.I. Geotekhnika Sankt-Peterburga [Geotekhnika of St. Petersburg]. Moscow: ASV, 2010. 259 p.
6. Osokin A.I., Denisova O.O., Shakhtarina T.N. Technology support of underground construction under conditions of urban development. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рр. 4–9. (In Russian).
R.E. DASHKO, Doctor of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy) (regda2002@mail.ru), A.A. KOROBKO, Geologist
University of Mines (1, 22nd Line, Vasilyevsky Island, 199106 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
Geotechnical Aspects of Study of Lower Cambrian Clays of Saint Petersburg as the Base of Structures
The analysis of peculiarities of the formation of engineering-geological and geotechnical conditions in the southern part of Saint Petersburg Region is made.
Regularities of the change in the conditions and strength of blue clays along the profile depth with due regard for the level of their disintegration – laminations and fracturing- are revealed. The effect of macro- and micro-fracturing of blue clays in the pre-glint zone on their strength and deformation ability as well as on the penetrability has been studied. Results of the study of microbial infestation of fissured Lower Cambrian blue clays which confirm the penetrability of clays through the cracks are presented. Several cases of the transition of civil structures built on blue clays in the emergency state are analyzed. Basic propositions of the engineering-geological analysis of the territory considered have been developed. Recommendations on improving the reliability and trustworthiness of the assessment of blue clays as a base for structures of different purposes are offered. Keywords: lower Cambrian clays, jointing of soil column, base of structure, scale effect. References
1. Zhukova A.M. Geotechnical engineering and hydrogeological specifics of estimate high-rise buildings construction and operation conditions (in terms of local zone on the right bank of Neva river). The Proceedings of the Mining Institute. Saint- Petersburg: SPSMI(TU), 2010. T.186, pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
2. Dashko R.E., Vlasov D. Yu., Shidlovskaya A. V. Geotekhnika i podzemnaya mikrobiota. [Geotechnics and Underground microbiota]. Saint-Petersburg: PI Georeconstruction. 2014. 280 p.
Regularities of the change in the conditions and strength of blue clays along the profile depth with due regard for the level of their disintegration – laminations and fracturing- are revealed. The effect of macro- and micro-fracturing of blue clays in the pre-glint zone on their strength and deformation ability as well as on the penetrability has been studied. Results of the study of microbial infestation of fissured Lower Cambrian blue clays which confirm the penetrability of clays through the cracks are presented. Several cases of the transition of civil structures built on blue clays in the emergency state are analyzed. Basic propositions of the engineering-geological analysis of the territory considered have been developed. Recommendations on improving the reliability and trustworthiness of the assessment of blue clays as a base for structures of different purposes are offered. Keywords: lower Cambrian clays, jointing of soil column, base of structure, scale effect. References
1. Zhukova A.M. Geotechnical engineering and hydrogeological specifics of estimate high-rise buildings construction and operation conditions (in terms of local zone on the right bank of Neva river). The Proceedings of the Mining Institute. Saint- Petersburg: SPSMI(TU), 2010. T.186, pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
2. Dashko R.E., Vlasov D. Yu., Shidlovskaya A. V. Geotekhnika i podzemnaya mikrobiota. [Geotechnics and Underground microbiota]. Saint-Petersburg: PI Georeconstruction. 2014. 280 p.
Z.G. TER-MARTIROSYAN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), A.Z. TER-MARTIROSYAN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering),
P.V. STRUNIN, Candidate of Sciences(Engineering) (spv-dpm03@mail.ru), O.I. RUBTSOV, Engineer
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
Interaction of the Thick-Walled Soil Cylinder with the Sandy Kernel and the Grillage
This article outlines the formulation and task solution of axially symmetric problem in quantitative assessment of stress-strain state composite soil cylinder with
sandy core under the influence of external load from slab foundation, analytical and numerical methods is based on elastic-plastic properties of soils. It is shown
that the axial force on the composite cylinder is distributed between the sand pile-drain and the surrounding pre-packed soft soil in proportion to their stiffness
and diameter ratio. It is noted that at a certain load in the sand pile, plastic deformations occur as a result of which the stresses are redistributed, and the total
deformation of the composite cylinder develops nonlinearly. It is shown that depending on the adopted estimated model of soil in the sand pile at stresses close
to the ultimate formation of various forms of destruction, including the barrel at different levels. It is emphasized that this phenomenon was observed for the first
time and requires further research and theoretical basis.
Keywords: stressed-strained state, sand pile, bearing capacity of pile, pile settling.
References
1. Rubtsov I.V., Rubtsov O. I., Groshev V.A., Novikov S. Ya., Varlamov S. K. A pilot study of extent of increase of the bearing ability of sandy soil of the basis when using the Peskonasos technology. Vestnik MGSU. 2010, No. 4, pp. 315–321. (In Russian).
2. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Abdoul Whitebait A.S. M the Intense deformed condition of the transformed basis. Osnovaniya, fundamenty u mekhanika gruntov. 2007. No. 2, pp. 8–11. (In Russian).
3. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Strunin P. V. Interaction of a grunto- tsementny pile with surrounding soil as a part of the slabby and pile base. Works of the international interuniversity scientific and practical conference of young scientists, doctoral candidates and graduate students number XIV «Construction – formation of the environment of activity» on April 27–29, 2011. Moscow: MGSU, pp. 607–611. (In Russian).
4. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Abdoul Whitebait A.S. M the Intense deformed condition of the two-layer basis with the transformed top layer. Vestnik MGSU. 2008. No. 2, pp. 81–95. (In Russian).
5. Ter-Martirosyan of Z.G. Mekhanika gruntov [Mekhanik of soil]. M.: ASV, 2009. 550 p.
1. Rubtsov I.V., Rubtsov O. I., Groshev V.A., Novikov S. Ya., Varlamov S. K. A pilot study of extent of increase of the bearing ability of sandy soil of the basis when using the Peskonasos technology. Vestnik MGSU. 2010, No. 4, pp. 315–321. (In Russian).
2. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Abdoul Whitebait A.S. M the Intense deformed condition of the transformed basis. Osnovaniya, fundamenty u mekhanika gruntov. 2007. No. 2, pp. 8–11. (In Russian).
3. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Strunin P. V. Interaction of a grunto- tsementny pile with surrounding soil as a part of the slabby and pile base. Works of the international interuniversity scientific and practical conference of young scientists, doctoral candidates and graduate students number XIV «Construction – formation of the environment of activity» on April 27–29, 2011. Moscow: MGSU, pp. 607–611. (In Russian).
4. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Abdoul Whitebait A.S. M the Intense deformed condition of the two-layer basis with the transformed top layer. Vestnik MGSU. 2008. No. 2, pp. 81–95. (In Russian).
5. Ter-Martirosyan of Z.G. Mekhanika gruntov [Mekhanik of soil]. M.: ASV, 2009. 550 p.
A.G. SHASHKIN, Doctor of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy) (mail@georec.spb.ru), S.G. BOGOV, Engineer
OOO “PI “Georekonstruktsiya” (4, Izmaylovsky Avenue, 190005, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
The Use of Jet Grouting Technology When Arranging Underground Volume under Conditions of Weak Clay Soils
The experience in arrangement of an underground structure in the height-density development under the conditions of prevalence of water-saturated clay soils is
expounded. The effectiveness of the original idea of arranging the deep excavation with the use of short sheet piles and “jet grouting” technology is substantiated
by calculations and verified in practice. The essence of the proposed method consists in the arrangement of a “rigid contour” along the perimeter of the excavation
which makes it possible to excavate the ground within the pit in an open way. The “rigid contour” itself is a part of the underground structure which is arranged in
the first turn. For this purpose, trenches of 10-15 m width are digged under the protection of sheet pile screen, preventively executed fixed layer of soil below the
subgrade according to the “jet grouting” technology and the system of strutted sheeting. This method ensures the safety of the surrounding development and is
economically reasonable.
Keywords: underground structure, safety of surrounding development, geotechnical monitoring, weak clay soil.
References
1. Ulitsky V.M., Shashkin A.G. Shashkin K.G. Geotekhni cheskoe soprovozhdenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechnical maintenance of development of the cities]. SPb: Stroyizdat Severo-Zapad, Georekonstruktsiya. 2010. 551 p.
2. Ulitsky V. M., Shashkin A.G. Construction of underground volume of the second stage of the mariinsky theatre under conditions of soft clay soils. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 10, рр. 24–31. (In Russian).
3. Shashkin A.G. Design of buildings and underground constructions in difficult engineering-geological conditions of St. Petersburg [Design of buildings and underground constructions in difficult engineering-geological conditions of St. Petersburg]. Moscow: Акаdemicheskaya kniga – Geomarketing. 2014. 352 p.
4. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint- Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014 . No. 3, рр. 25–30. (In Russian).
1. Ulitsky V.M., Shashkin A.G. Shashkin K.G. Geotekhni cheskoe soprovozhdenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechnical maintenance of development of the cities]. SPb: Stroyizdat Severo-Zapad, Georekonstruktsiya. 2010. 551 p.
2. Ulitsky V. M., Shashkin A.G. Construction of underground volume of the second stage of the mariinsky theatre under conditions of soft clay soils. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 10, рр. 24–31. (In Russian).
3. Shashkin A.G. Design of buildings and underground constructions in difficult engineering-geological conditions of St. Petersburg [Design of buildings and underground constructions in difficult engineering-geological conditions of St. Petersburg]. Moscow: Акаdemicheskaya kniga – Geomarketing. 2014. 352 p.
4. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint- Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014 . No. 3, рр. 25–30. (In Russian).
O.A. MAKOVETSKY
1
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), I.I. KHUSAINOV
1
, engineer, S.S. ZUEV
2
, Deputy General Director (s.zuev@inbox.ru),
M.A. TIMOFEEV
2
, Head of Representative Office in Bashkortostan
1 Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky Avenue, 614990, Perm, Russian Federation)
2 OAO «New Ground» (35, Kronshtadtskaya Street, Perm, Russian Federation) Ensuring Geotechnical Safety of a Building under Construction It is shown that the computer simulation of the geotechnical situation during the construction of an object makes it possible to consider various scenarios of its development, from completely negative up to favorable, and to determine required deformation characteristics of a base. The proposed method of arrangement of “geomassif” with the help of reinforcement of the base with rigid elements according to the geometric grid makes it possible to obtain, in practice, the necessary value of efficient deformation module. The considered method for ensuring the geotechnical safety of buildings and structures on soils with low deformation characteristics, propositions of designing, works execution, and their quality control are one of basic components of developed now technical regulations for the use of technique of jet grouting of soil. Keywords: mechanical safety, geotechnical forecast, geomassif, jet grouting of soil. References
1. Makovetsky O.A., Zuyev S.S. Control of operational reliability of underground part of residential buildings complex. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 9, рр. 38–41. (In Russian).
1 Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky Avenue, 614990, Perm, Russian Federation)
2 OAO «New Ground» (35, Kronshtadtskaya Street, Perm, Russian Federation) Ensuring Geotechnical Safety of a Building under Construction It is shown that the computer simulation of the geotechnical situation during the construction of an object makes it possible to consider various scenarios of its development, from completely negative up to favorable, and to determine required deformation characteristics of a base. The proposed method of arrangement of “geomassif” with the help of reinforcement of the base with rigid elements according to the geometric grid makes it possible to obtain, in practice, the necessary value of efficient deformation module. The considered method for ensuring the geotechnical safety of buildings and structures on soils with low deformation characteristics, propositions of designing, works execution, and their quality control are one of basic components of developed now technical regulations for the use of technique of jet grouting of soil. Keywords: mechanical safety, geotechnical forecast, geomassif, jet grouting of soil. References
1. Makovetsky O.A., Zuyev S.S. Control of operational reliability of underground part of residential buildings complex. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 9, рр. 38–41. (In Russian).
A.B. PONOMAREV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), S.V. KALOSHINA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering),
A.V. ZAKHAROV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), D.G. ZOLOTOZUBOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (spstf@pstu.ru),
M.A. BEZGODOV, Engineer, R.I. SHENKMAN, Engineer
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (109, Kuybyshev Street, 614010 Perm, Russian Federation)
Geotechnical Simulation of Effect of Deep Excavation When Reconstructing the Building
Reconstruction of the building, consisting in addition of an additional volume to it including the developed underground part, which is conducted under the
conditions of existing historical development, can lead to additional deformations and in some cases even to the destruction of existing buildings. In this case it
is necessary to provide for some structural and technological decisions at the stage of building-assembling works with the purpose to ensure the structural safety
of existing buildings and buildings under reconstruction. The choice of concrete measures and assessment of their efficiency it is better to make with the help of
numerical simulation of different stages of the construction with due regard for the geotechnical situation and with different boundary conditions. Results of the
geotechnical simulation of arranging the deep excavation when reconstructing the building in the historical part of Perm are presented in this article.
Keywords: cluttered conditions of development, dangerous engineering-geological processes, deep excavation, slurry wall, numerical simulation.
References
1. Mangushev R.A., Konyushkov V.V., Lan'ko S.V. Numerical simulation of sheet piling foundation pit considering the influence of grouting designs. Numerical calculation methods in practical geotechnical engineering: Collection of articles of scientific and technical conference. St. Peterburg. 2012, pp. 124–136. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R.A., Osokin A.I. Experience of reconstruction six-storey building with an underground space in the central part of St. Petersburg. Modern geotechnology in construction and scientific and technical support: proceedings of the international scientific-technical. conf., dedicated. 80th anniversary of the Department. Civil Engineering Geotechnical (soil mechanics, foundations and basements LISI) and the 290th anniversary of growing up. science. St. Peterburg. 2014. Part. 1, pp. 60–72. (In Russian).
3. Nikiforova N.S., Grigoryan T.G. Experience of using grouting piles in the reconstruction with the development of underground space. Numerical calculation methods in practical geotechnical engineering: Collection of articles of scientific and technical conference. St. Peterburg. 2012, pp. 326-331. (In Russian).
4. Polishchuk A.I., Petukhov A.A. Injectable piles at strengthening the foundations of reconstructed buildings. Modern geotechnology in con-struction and scientific and technical support: proceedings of the international scientific-technical. conf., dedicated. 80th anniversary of the Department. Civil Engineering Geotechnical (soil mechanics, foundations and basements LISI) and the 290th anniversary of growing up. science. St. Peterburg. 2014. Part 1, pp. 148–157. (In Russian).
5. Bezgodov M.A., Kaloshina S.V. Choice of soil model for numerical simulation of the effect of the development of deep pits in the existing building. Vestnik permskogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. Urbanistika. 2012. No. 2(6), рр. 17–27. (In Russian).
1. Mangushev R.A., Konyushkov V.V., Lan'ko S.V. Numerical simulation of sheet piling foundation pit considering the influence of grouting designs. Numerical calculation methods in practical geotechnical engineering: Collection of articles of scientific and technical conference. St. Peterburg. 2012, pp. 124–136. (In Russian).
2. Mangushev R.A., Osokin A.I. Experience of reconstruction six-storey building with an underground space in the central part of St. Petersburg. Modern geotechnology in construction and scientific and technical support: proceedings of the international scientific-technical. conf., dedicated. 80th anniversary of the Department. Civil Engineering Geotechnical (soil mechanics, foundations and basements LISI) and the 290th anniversary of growing up. science. St. Peterburg. 2014. Part. 1, pp. 60–72. (In Russian).
3. Nikiforova N.S., Grigoryan T.G. Experience of using grouting piles in the reconstruction with the development of underground space. Numerical calculation methods in practical geotechnical engineering: Collection of articles of scientific and technical conference. St. Peterburg. 2012, pp. 326-331. (In Russian).
4. Polishchuk A.I., Petukhov A.A. Injectable piles at strengthening the foundations of reconstructed buildings. Modern geotechnology in con-struction and scientific and technical support: proceedings of the international scientific-technical. conf., dedicated. 80th anniversary of the Department. Civil Engineering Geotechnical (soil mechanics, foundations and basements LISI) and the 290th anniversary of growing up. science. St. Peterburg. 2014. Part 1, pp. 148–157. (In Russian).
5. Bezgodov M.A., Kaloshina S.V. Choice of soil model for numerical simulation of the effect of the development of deep pits in the existing building. Vestnik permskogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. Urbanistika. 2012. No. 2(6), рр. 17–27. (In Russian).
A.Yu. MIRNY, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (reg@oconnor.ru), A.Z. TER-MARTIROSYAN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yarislavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation) Selection of a Granulometric Composition of Sand-Gravel Mixes for Sand Blankets and Embankments
Results of the experimental study of mechanical properties of sand soils with heterogeneous granulometric composition are presented. On the basis of definition of maximum density in the instrument of standard compaction and also definition of the general deformation module and internal friction angle in the instruments of compression and triaxial compression and the following statistical analysis, the nomograms for preliminary definition of mechanical properties according to the data on the granulometric composition have been developed. Findings reflect the basic regularities of formation of soils properties with heterogeneous granulometric composition and present recommendations for selecting the optimal granulometric composition of mixes for the construction of earthwork structures and artificial substructures. The recommendations presented make it possible to improve the rigidity and maximal density of such facilities without the use of special techniques of strengthening and additional costs. Keywords: sand-gravel mixes, granulometric composition, maximal density, earthwork structures. References
1. Potapov A.D., Platov N.A., Lebedeva M.D. Peschanye grunty [Sand soils]. Moscow: ASV. 2009. 256 p.
2. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Mirniy A.Y. Soil inhomogeneity impact on its mechanical properties. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov. 2013. No. 6, pp. 2–7. (In Russian).
3. Mogilevtseva D.I. Могилевцева Д.И. The impact of form, amount, composition and location of inclusions on geocomposite strength and deformation parameters. Geoekologiya. 2012. No. 4, рр. 371–375. (In Russian).
4. Boldyrev G.G. Metody opredeleniya mekhanicheskikh svoistv gruntov [Soil mechanical properties obtaining method]. Moscow: Prondo. 2014. 812 p.
O.A. MAKOVETSKY
1
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), S.S. ZUEV
2
, Deputy General Director (s.zuev@inbox.ru)
1 Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky Avenue, 614990, Perm, Russian Federation)
2 OAO «New Ground» (35, Kronshtadtskaya Street, Perm, 614081, Russian Federation) Foundation Underpinning of a Building under Construction with Jet Grouting Piles in Ryazansky Avenue in Moscow In geotechnical construction, quite frequent are situations when during the construction and operation of buildings and structures the loads on the existing foundations change (increase). In this case a competent forecast of geotechnical situation development and adoption of measures for strengthening foundations are necessary. The experience of actions in such a situation is presented in this article. In connection with the change in functions of the building and in the number of storeys in it a complex of loads on the foundation structure has increased. Existing foundation slabs don’t ensure the required character of stress distribution on the earth foundation and normative value of difference in sediments, that’s way it is decided to strengthen the existing foundations with piles executed according to the technique of soil jet grouting. Keywords: mechanical safety, geotechnical forecast, high load piles, jet grouting of soil. References
1. Zuev S.S., Makovetsky O.A., Khusainov I.I. The use of jet grouting for construction of underground parts of complexes. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 9, рр. 10–14. (In Russian).
1 Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky Avenue, 614990, Perm, Russian Federation)
2 OAO «New Ground» (35, Kronshtadtskaya Street, Perm, 614081, Russian Federation) Foundation Underpinning of a Building under Construction with Jet Grouting Piles in Ryazansky Avenue in Moscow In geotechnical construction, quite frequent are situations when during the construction and operation of buildings and structures the loads on the existing foundations change (increase). In this case a competent forecast of geotechnical situation development and adoption of measures for strengthening foundations are necessary. The experience of actions in such a situation is presented in this article. In connection with the change in functions of the building and in the number of storeys in it a complex of loads on the foundation structure has increased. Existing foundation slabs don’t ensure the required character of stress distribution on the earth foundation and normative value of difference in sediments, that’s way it is decided to strengthen the existing foundations with piles executed according to the technique of soil jet grouting. Keywords: mechanical safety, geotechnical forecast, high load piles, jet grouting of soil. References
1. Zuev S.S., Makovetsky O.A., Khusainov I.I. The use of jet grouting for construction of underground parts of complexes. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 9, рр. 10–14. (In Russian).
S.G. BOGOV, Engineer (s.bogov@georec.spb.ru)
OOO «ISP Georeconstruction» (4, оf.414, Izmaylovsky Avenue, 190005 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
Soil Consolidation with the Use of Jet Grouting for Reconstruction
Reconstruction of buildings, repairing and laying of sunken engineering networks in soft silty-clayey soils with a high groundwater level remains one of the
tough problems of modern construction. The technology of arranging excavations and deep trenches under the conditions of high-density urban development
gains an important role as a large number of objects have been built with above-limit deformations. It is shown that the problem is the reduction of values of
additional settling when increasing loads in the course of adding storeys to old buildings, attaching new structures to old ones, laying and repairing underground
communications, subway tunnel boring etc. It is concluded that testing cement-ground pillars with a statically pressing load on test sites is necessary before mass
construction of structures with the use of jet grouting.
Keywords: jet grouting technology of soft clayey soils consolidation, test of soils with piles under pressing load, foundation strengthening.
References
1. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint-Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 25–30. (In Russian).
2. Bogov S.G. Use of cement mortars for jet technology of fixing of soil taking into account their rheological properties. Gidrotekhnika. 2013. No. 4, pp. 84–86. (In Russian).
3. Chernyakov A.V. Evaluation of durability of soil-concrete in jet technology. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 10, pp. 37–39. (In Russian)
1. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint-Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 25–30. (In Russian).
2. Bogov S.G. Use of cement mortars for jet technology of fixing of soil taking into account their rheological properties. Gidrotekhnika. 2013. No. 4, pp. 84–86. (In Russian).
3. Chernyakov A.V. Evaluation of durability of soil-concrete in jet technology. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2011. No. 10, pp. 37–39. (In Russian)
Yu.A. VARFOLOMEEV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Honoured Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Counsellor of RAACS (nil-se@mail.ru)
OOO “Research Laboratory of Building Expertise of Barents Region” (21, Romana Kulikova Street, 163002, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
About Amendments to Existing Legislation for Control the Quality of Design
and Construction of Low-Rise Apartment Houses
The regulating effect of previously realized changes in the legislation for ensuring the construction safety, preventing accidents and protection of citizens
against off-grade building products is assessed. It is revealed that the legislation-in-force makes no provision for control of quality of design and cost estimating
documentation and also construction of low-rise apartment houses and objects of mass visiting with an area of up to 1500 m2 and the height of not more than
2 storeys which state and municipal customers buy at auctions before their construction and use for this the budget funds allocated according the program of
resettlement of citizens from failing housing stock. The analysis of design and cost estimating documentation and results of inspections reveals shortcomings of
design, construction and operation of low-rise apartment houses. Proposals for amendments to the legislation have been developed.
Keywords: low-rise house, construction, quality, expertise.
References
1. Recommendations of the parliamentary hearings on the topic «Legal regulation of the safety of buildings and structures: problems and main areas for improvement». State Duma Committee on Land Relations and construction. Moscow, 10.10.2013. (In Russian).
2. The Federal Law of 28.11.2011 № 337-FZ «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and certain acts of the Russian Federation». Introduced from 01.07.2011. (In Russian).
3. The Federal Law of 07.06.2013 № 113-FZ «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on issues of information transparency of self-regulatory organizations». Introduced in stages from 07.06.2013; 05.12.2013; 07.06.2014. (In Russian).
4. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 16.08.2012 №1487-p»On approval of the plan («roadmap») «Improving the business climate in the construction industry»(no longer in effect by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 29.07.2013, №1336-p). (In Russian).
5. Resolution of inter-regional conference of heads of State Construction of the Russian Federation. Moscow, 2−4.10.2013. (In Russian).
6. Draft Federal Law № 50482-6 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation» from 20.03.2013. (In Russian).
7. Project on 03.21.2014 Technical Regulations of the Customs Union «On the security of buildings, building materials and products» (letter to the Ministry of Construction of Russia from 01.04.2014, №5218-EU / 08). (In Russian).
8. Letter from the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.10.2010, № 5376-p-P7 in the State Duma. (In Russian).
9. Draft of Federal Law № 171692-6 «On Amendments to Article 54 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation». Saratov Regional Duma (introduced 14.11.2012, pending). (In Russian).
10. Federal Law of 30.12.2001 № 195-FZ «The Code of Administrative Offences». (In Russian).
11. Fund housing and communal services http://xn--d1aemje9am. xn--p1ai/news/138099.html (date of access) (In Russian).
12. Draft of Federal Law № 526013-6 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of Administrative Offences» (proposed in May 2014,for consideration by the State Duma has not been paid). (In Russian).
13. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 02.05.2014, № 296 «land territory of the Russian Arctic». (In Russian).
14. Statistical Bulletin. Rosstat. 2011-2014. (In Russian).
15. Federal Law of the Russian Federation 05.04. 2013 № 44-FZ «On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs». Introduced from 01.01.2014. (In Russian).
16. Andreev V.F. Thermostructural panel «Radoslaw» – into the practice of Russian construction. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 1998. No. 4, pp. 24–26. (In Russian).
17. Andreev V.F. The modular housing construction «Pereyaslavl». Space-modular buildings for low-rise building. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2001. No. 9, pp. 14. (In Russian).
18. Andreev V.F Residential manufactured homes. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. No. 4. Arkhitektura. No. 2, pp. 7-9. (In Russian).
19. Rulebook SP 54.13330.2011. Multifamily residential buildings. The updated edition of SNIP 01/31/2003. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
20. Rulebook SP 52.13330.2011 Natural and artificial lighting. The updated edition of SNIP 23-05-95*. Daylighting and artificial lighting. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
21. SanPin 2.1.2.1002-00 (amended. 1-2007). Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for residential buildings and premises. Published 01.07.2001. (In Russian).
22. TU 2244-002-79029060-05 (as amended on 02.03.2009) Thermostructural panel system «Radoslaw».(In Russian).
23. Recommendations for the calculation of thermo-wall panels of the «Radoslaw». TsNIIPSK named after Melnikov. Moscow. 2013. (In Russian).
24. Rulebook SP 42.1330.2011. Urbanism. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements. Urban development. Urban and rural planning and development. The updated edition of SNIP 2.07.01-89*. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
1. Recommendations of the parliamentary hearings on the topic «Legal regulation of the safety of buildings and structures: problems and main areas for improvement». State Duma Committee on Land Relations and construction. Moscow, 10.10.2013. (In Russian).
2. The Federal Law of 28.11.2011 № 337-FZ «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and certain acts of the Russian Federation». Introduced from 01.07.2011. (In Russian).
3. The Federal Law of 07.06.2013 № 113-FZ «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on issues of information transparency of self-regulatory organizations». Introduced in stages from 07.06.2013; 05.12.2013; 07.06.2014. (In Russian).
4. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 16.08.2012 №1487-p»On approval of the plan («roadmap») «Improving the business climate in the construction industry»(no longer in effect by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 29.07.2013, №1336-p). (In Russian).
5. Resolution of inter-regional conference of heads of State Construction of the Russian Federation. Moscow, 2−4.10.2013. (In Russian).
6. Draft Federal Law № 50482-6 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation» from 20.03.2013. (In Russian).
7. Project on 03.21.2014 Technical Regulations of the Customs Union «On the security of buildings, building materials and products» (letter to the Ministry of Construction of Russia from 01.04.2014, №5218-EU / 08). (In Russian).
8. Letter from the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.10.2010, № 5376-p-P7 in the State Duma. (In Russian).
9. Draft of Federal Law № 171692-6 «On Amendments to Article 54 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation». Saratov Regional Duma (introduced 14.11.2012, pending). (In Russian).
10. Federal Law of 30.12.2001 № 195-FZ «The Code of Administrative Offences». (In Russian).
11. Fund housing and communal services http://xn--d1aemje9am. xn--p1ai/news/138099.html (date of access) (In Russian).
12. Draft of Federal Law № 526013-6 «On Amendments to the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of Administrative Offences» (proposed in May 2014,for consideration by the State Duma has not been paid). (In Russian).
13. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 02.05.2014, № 296 «land territory of the Russian Arctic». (In Russian).
14. Statistical Bulletin. Rosstat. 2011-2014. (In Russian).
15. Federal Law of the Russian Federation 05.04. 2013 № 44-FZ «On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs». Introduced from 01.01.2014. (In Russian).
16. Andreev V.F. Thermostructural panel «Radoslaw» – into the practice of Russian construction. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 1998. No. 4, pp. 24–26. (In Russian).
17. Andreev V.F. The modular housing construction «Pereyaslavl». Space-modular buildings for low-rise building. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2001. No. 9, pp. 14. (In Russian).
18. Andreev V.F Residential manufactured homes. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2004. No. 4. Arkhitektura. No. 2, pp. 7-9. (In Russian).
19. Rulebook SP 54.13330.2011. Multifamily residential buildings. The updated edition of SNIP 01/31/2003. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
20. Rulebook SP 52.13330.2011 Natural and artificial lighting. The updated edition of SNIP 23-05-95*. Daylighting and artificial lighting. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
21. SanPin 2.1.2.1002-00 (amended. 1-2007). Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for residential buildings and premises. Published 01.07.2001. (In Russian).
22. TU 2244-002-79029060-05 (as amended on 02.03.2009) Thermostructural panel system «Radoslaw».(In Russian).
23. Recommendations for the calculation of thermo-wall panels of the «Radoslaw». TsNIIPSK named after Melnikov. Moscow. 2013. (In Russian).
24. Rulebook SP 42.1330.2011. Urbanism. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements. Urban development. Urban and rural planning and development. The updated edition of SNIP 2.07.01-89*. Published 20.05.2011. (In Russian).
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